Bangladesh Journal of Integrated Thoughts

The Economic Contributions of the USA to Bangladesh: An Evaluation of Bilateral Relations Over 50 Years

2024-08-16T15:32:52+00:00

This study evaluates the bilateral relations between the USA and Bangladesh over the past 50 years, focusing on the USA’s economic, humanitarian, and geopolitical contributions. The study utilizes secondary data and descriptive analysis, supported by quantitative research, to offer a comprehensive overview of this bilateral relationship. The USA has significantly influenced Bangladesh’s economic development through foreign aid, FDI, and trade. It has also provided critical support during natural disasters and crises, including $6 billion in assistance since Bangladesh’s independence. The importance of strong bilateral relations, particularly with global powers like the USA, cannot be overstated for sustaining Bangladesh’s economic growth. This research fills a gap in the literature by thoroughly examining the USA’s role in Bangladesh’s economic development. The study is descriptive; future research could benefit from quantitative modelling.

Religion and Politics: Islamic Views

2024-09-16T10:05:47+00:00

Politics in general refers to the procedure by which a society chooses its decision-making leaders. The leadership performs functions to achieve the collective welfare of the people of the society and plays an important role in solving the problems that arise. There is a debate about the role of religion in this process of society. Will religion be limited to the relationship between man and his creator or will religion also play a role in the political process of society and state? The middle Ages especially saw the exercise of extreme power by the Church. There was a conflict between the church and the rulers for a long time. The boundaries between church and state's authority were established at some point. The Church was recognized as the most authoritative institution in religious matters. Church's role in state or social activities was denied. By this means power is essentially divided between the Church and the King. By blaming religion as a whole, an ideology was created in favor of keeping religion out of political activities. Ideally, Secularism does not allow religion in any involvement of state affairs.Islam is a religion. But it is a complete way of life. Therefore, it is natural that Islam will have a role and involvement in the one of important aspect of human life i.e. political activities. In this article, an effort has been made to discuss the subject from the perspectives of Quran, hadith and Islamic history. Reviewing the Qur'an, Hadith, and historical evidence it reveals that Islam has made a strong statement regarding politics, a crucial aspect of human life. The relationship between Islam and politics is inseparable. Politics is not a separate issue in Islam. Politics is a fundamental aspect of the Islamic way of life.

Board Size, Independent Board Tenure and Number of Board Meetings: Examining the Impact on Spanish Firms

2022-09-18T23:19:51+00:00

Spanish firms are well reputed for high level of corporate governance practices. Earlier studies have examined Spanish firm performance based on the causal relationship of board characteristics. However, the number of studies which examines the tenure of independent board members and number of board meetings are scarce. This study examines Spanish firm performances examining the board characteristics. A balanced panel data of a total of 805 listed companies are examined, which includes all economic sectors. Random effect model is applied to examine the causal relationship. The study suggests, board size has a favorable correlation with accounting-based performance (ROA, ROE), but it doesn’t go hand in hand with market-based performance (TQ). Tenure of independent directors have a positive relationship with both accounting and market-based performance. On the other hand, the number of board meetings has a negative acquaintance with both accounting and market-based performance of the firms. This research reveals a board’s inefficiencies that lead to poor firm performance, as well as what significant changes could be made to improve it. This study is based on all economic sectors, which implies that the results are equally representative of all. Policymakers, managers, and investors should consider the following implications: a significant positive relationship between board size and board tenure on firm financial performance suggests that institutional investors in emerging markets, particularly Spain, are paying attention to board activities.

Gravitation, Ozone Layer And Others Scientific Information In Surah Ar-Rahman

2024-07-30T14:56:09+00:00

The word ‘nazm’which is mentioned in surah Ar Rahman at verse 06 is mass controversial, that, is it stars or grassiness ? And various interpreters have interpreted the word ‘mizan’ in various ways which is mentioned at verse 55:07 as scales, gold scales, scales of righteousness, scales of standard, justice and balance etc. And if it is discussed about general measurement at verse 55:09, then this would be clear irrelevant discussion of living world after that verses. I have presented my long days deep thinking, logic and strengthful document with proof to solve the complexity of verses. Revealed here in this study that the verses 05-12 in surah Rahman discussing gravitation and ozone layer, the most two significant subjects of physics but not about scales related to measurement .

Bangladeshi Young Children’s Smartphone Use: Status and Parents’ Awareness

2024-09-12T18:02:04+00:00

Nowadays the tendency for smartphone use among children is noticeable and day by day this tendency is increasing at an alarming rate. The aim of this study was to explore the status of Bangladeshi young children’s smartphone use and parents’ awareness of young children’s smartphone uses in terms of the American Academy of Paediatrics (AAP) guidelines. The study employed a mixed-methods research approach and adopted purposive sampling. The data were collected through an online mixed questionnaire from 83 parents who owned smartphones and whose children were between 0 and 5 years old. The findings show that 44% of children spent more than 1 hour on the smartphone screen which is higher than the screen time recommended by the AAP guidelines. It was found that 65% parents gave their children smartphones to entertain them, while 62.3% for learning purposes, 42.9% for keeping their children calm, 37.7% for feeding their children, and 23.4% for keeping their children busy during their work. It is noteworthy that 78% parents found different kinds of developmental problems in their children, while the rest 22% found no negative effects on their children. The study reveals a significant gap in parental awareness and knowledge regarding the AAP guidelines on children’s screen use. The results show that 75.6% of parents did not know about the guidelines for children’s screen use recommended by the AAP. Although they did not know the recommended guidelines, 81.1% of the parents had taken various steps to control their children’s excessive smartphone usage and the steps were effective in reducing children’s excessive smartphone use. As most of the parents were found unaware of the AAP guidelines for screen use, there is a need for increasing proper awareness among parents to mitigate the negative effects of children’s smartphone use.